This free online tool allows to combine multiple pdf or image files into a single pdf document. Questions from video lectures of nptel sl no questions video number time in minutes 1 give some examples for the communication systems which use space as the channel. Soil exploration lecture notes, notes, pdf free download, engineering notes, university notes, best pdf notes, semester, sem, year, for all, study material. The refining of iron to make steel is where the carbon content of hot metal is lowered, usually to less than 1 % by an oxidation process in a steelmaking furnace. The rectangular steel tanks are made of steel plates with flat bottom. Lecture notes on advanced casting and welding acw course code.
Salzgitter the process shown above is illustrative only and is not designed to show the steelmaking process in detail. Instructional objectives i manufacturing process ii. This is the english edition of the technical manual for the design and construction of roofs of stainless steel sheet published by japan stainless steel association in 1985 to promote the use of stainless steel sheet roofing in japan, with a commentary on welding processes in. In the second stage after refining, the pulp is screened, cleaned, and most of the process water is removed in preparation for paper making. Development of charge calculation program for target steel in induction furnace article pdf available in leonardo electronic journal of practices and technologies 1427. Sampling and temperature measurement tapping the steel to a ladle. Nptel provides courseware in the form of video lectures and web courses. Metallurgy and material science steel making by national programme on technology enhanced learning. A set of rolls is called a stand, and in anyone mill there may be a number of stands. Steel making nptel online videos, courses iit video. Metal casting processes indian institute of technology. The widths of steel plates generally adopted are 1. Nptel metallurgy and material science steel making.
Nptel provides elearning through online web and video courses various streams. Heat treatment of steel california state university. Replica of the part to be cast and is used to prepare the mould cavity. Building materials and construction nptel online videos. Often gears are treated as pitch cylinder, which roll together without slip as shown in fig. This limit is that we just talked about the 11 percent is about the profit making companies.
Direct reduction scrap ladle refining electric arc furnace steelmaking iron ore pellets electric arc furnace steelmaking continuous casting design by cover photo. Pdf merge combine pdf files free tool to merge pdf online. View, create, edit, comment, secure, organize, export, ocr and sign pdf documents and forms. The effects of other elements can be estimated by equating them to an additional amount of carbon. Tata steel, lowest cost steel producer, strives to make steel making process more economical, efficient and environmentally sustainable. Pulp and paper manufacturing process in the paper industry. Often backup rolls are provided to increase the rigidity of work rolls for improved dimensional control. Assume 36 ksi steel for designing the member and the gusset plates. Bleaching process raw pulp contains an appreciable amount of lignin and other discoloration, it must be bleached to produce light colored or white papers preferred for many products. To develop computational and mathematical abilities to be applied for process design and control. Note that some regions in the builtup edge are as much as three times harder than the bulk metal.
You can also get course completion certification for some of the courses. To use smallpdf in incognito mode you need to log in or create an account. Be able to understand basic layout of blast furnace, steelmaking shop and continuous casting process. Buoyancy force created by density difference density of cooler liquid steel is more than the hot steel. Heat treatment makes a metal more useful by making it stronger and more resistant to impact, or alternatively, making it more malleable and ductile. Steel making slag is defined as the solid material resulting from the interaction of flux and impurities in the smelting and refining of steels.
Friction losses can be divided into two major categories. Merge pdf online combine pdf files for free foxit software. Status of steelmaking in india and world steel production and consumption, steelmaking fundamentals. Nptel gate preparation using nptel content video lecture. Free web app to quickly and easily combine multiple files into one pdf online. The most significant alloying element effecting weldability is carbon. National institute of technology tiruchirappalli dept. It is produced during the separation of the molten steel from impurities in steel making furnaces. The pdf merge tool is designed to make merging as easy as possible. Development of charge calculation program for target steel. Related courses processing of semiconducting materials.
The iron impurities oxidize, evolving heat, necessary forthe process. Not all steel plants produce all of the products shown in this diagram. Chapter 2 basic heat treatment as steelworkers, we are interested in the heat treatment of metals, because we have to know what effects the heat produced by. What if the company does not make profit, it is going in the red not adequate. Manufacturing processes i nptel online videos, courses.
At the same ime, alloying t materials are added to the furnace to achieve the required chemical composition of the final product. The most popular method of desulfurization is removal of sulfur from molten steel to the basic reducing slag. Vacuum degassing processes for liquid steel ispatguru. Sufficient manganese must be present in the steel to prevent the formation of iron sulfide, which is highly detrimental to hot workability and leads to severe cracking during hot rolling hot shortness.
How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. Analysis and design of conventional industrial roof truss. The steel making process in the oxygen converterconsists of. William siemens, a german living in england in the 1860s, seeking a means of increasing the temperature in a metallurgical furnace, resurrected an old proposal for using the waste heat given off by the. A study on the waste water treatment technology for steel. It is the physical model of the casting used to make the mould. Nptel material is available for free on nptel website. This degassed steel is slightly cooler than steel in the ladle. It begins by tracing the history of iron and steel production, right from the earlier days to today s world of oxygen steelmaking, electric steelmaking, secondary steelmaking and continuous casting. Basic working principle, configuration, specification and classification of machine tools. Nptel electrical engineering video lecture online study. Mechanical engineering manufacturing processes ii nptel. Combine and merge multiple files into one glorious pdf.
If you are not able to download lectures due to bandwidth constraints, you can obtain the courses in dvds by paying a nominal fee to cover the cost of storage media and distribution. Overview of the steelmaking process pellets sinter limestone. With carbon steel the phases are liquid, austenite, and ferrite. Ironmaking and steelmaking metallurgical and materials. Openhearth process, also called siemensmartin process, steelmaking technique that for most of the 20th century accounted for the major part of all steel made in the world. Building materials and construction nptel online videos, courses iit video lectures. The mould is made by packing some readily formed aggregate. However, no heattreating procedure can produce all of these characteristics in one operation. Pdf zusammenfugen pdfdateien online kostenlos zu kombinieren. At the beginning of the 20th century, among the businessmen involved in the formation of united states steel corporation were andrew carnegie, elbert h. The steel plants have sintering mills, coke plants, blast furnaces, chemical byproducts and chemical processes.
Lecture notes on veer surendra sai university of technology. Desulfurization of steel refractory steelmaking free. The steel industry is one of the most important and vital industry of the present and the future. Steel is a solid solution of iron and carbon, the carbon is dissolved in the iron.
The simplification consists of ignoring complex freezing behavior between 0% c and 0. Steel making carbon equivalent to a good approximation, the weldability of steel can be estimated from its chemical composition. Transition of sulfur from steel to slag may be presented by the chemical equation. Plain carbon steel, determination of preheating temperature, stainless steel, use of scheffler s diagram. Usually, following two types of lubrication mechanisms are commonly used for gear lubrication. Heat treatment of steel introduction figure 1 shows a slightly simplified version of the fe fe3c alloy system. Merger takes place when two or more cos roughly of equal size or strength formally submerge their corporate identities into a single one in a friendly atmosphere. Student department of civil engineering department of civil engineering a d patel institute of technology, new v v nagar a d patel institute of technology, new v v nagar. Steel plants use a tremendous amount of water for waste transfer, cooling and dust control. Higher value of t f cause scuffing failure of gears. Steel making online course video lectures by iit kanpur.
Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. The rolls n i contact with the steel are called work rolls. Most of these courses consists 40 videos and 1 hour duration each. Using our pdf combiner and pdf joiner does not prevent you from making alterations to the document, if required, such as changing the order of the pages of. Basic slag is a slag containing mainly basic oxides.